HSP990

HSP990 is an orally bioavailable inhibitor of human heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Hsp990 binds to and inhibits the activity of Hsp90, which may result in the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic client proteins, including HER2/ERBB2, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.(In Vitro):NVP-HSP990 is a potent and selective Hsp90 inhibitor, with IC50 values of 0.6, 0.8, and 8.5 nM for Hsp90α, Hsp90β, and Grp94, respectively. NVP-HSP990 (10 μM) shows no affect the ATPase activity of topoisomerase II, a GHKL (Gyrase, Hsp90, Histidine Kinase, MutL) family ATPase, closely related to Hsp90. NVP-HSP990 also exerts efficient effects on c-Met, Hsp70, p-ERK and p-AKT in CTL-16 cells, with EC50s of 37 ± 4, 20 ± 2, 11 ± 1, and 6 ± 1 nM, respectively. NVP-HSP990 suppresses the proliferation of BT474, A549, H1975 and MV4;11 cells, with GI50s of 7 ± 2, 28 ± 5, 35 ± 4, and 4 ± 1 nM, respectively. NVP-HSP990 inhibits cellular proliferation of GTL-16, with an EC50 of 14 nM. NVP-HSP990 (5-500 nM) inhibits the multiple myeloma cell lines, with IC50s of 27-49 nM after treatment for 72 h. NVP-HSP990 induces apoptosis in multiple myeloma cell lines (0-100 nM), leads to cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase (25-200 nM), and induces apoptosis via caspase-8 followed by caspase-3 activation (100 nM). NVP-HSP990 increases HSP70 expression and interacts with Akt and ERK signaling. Moreover, NVP-HSP990 (100 nM) in combination with melphalan, causes synergistic effects on growth inhibition in multiple myeloma cells and increases cleavage of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 and activates caspase-2.\n(In Vivo):NVP-HSP990 (2.5 to 5 mg/kg twice weekly, or 5 to 15 mg/kg weekly, p.o.) causes dose proportional antitumor efficacy, without obvious loss or overt signs of toxicity in a GTL-16 tumor bearing mice. NVP-HSP990 (5 or 10 mg/kg weekly, p.o.) also results in significant inhibition of tumor growth in BT-474 breast cancer model. NVP-HSP990 (5 mg/kg twice weekly or 15 mg/kg weekly, p.o.) inhibits the growth of tumor in the MV4;11 xenograft model. Furthermore, NVP-HSP990 (0.5 mg/kg every day, 14, 5 mg/kg twice weekly, or 15 mg/kg weekly, p.o.) displays antitumor efficacy in H1975 and A549 tumor models. NVP-HSP990 (5, 15 mg/kg, p.o.) shows prolonged suppression of c-Met levels with 30% and 50% reduction and exhibits antitumor activities in GTL-16 tumor xenograft.