Ilexgenin A

Ilexgenin A is a novel pentacyclic triterpenoid, is a compound extracted from leaves of Ilex hainanensis MerrIlexgenin A (IA), a novel pentacyclic triterpenoid, is a compound extracted from leaves of Ilex hainanensis Merr.treatment with IA attenuated atherosclerosis in high-fat diet-induced apolipoprotein E deficient mice via a series of effects involving regulation of lipid parameters, decrease of atherosclerosis-related indexes, inhibition of inflammatory cytokines secretion and pathological changes of main organs. The underlying mechanism of IA was investigated on oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL)-induced THP-1 cells. Pre-treatment with IA decreased active inflammation cytokines involving interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression in a concentration-dependent manner.IA inhibited the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), IKKα phosphorylation and NF-κB activity induced by Ox-LDL. Overall, these findings define IA as a novel drug candidate for anti-atherosclerotic therapy.(In Vitro):Ilexgenin A (0~100 μM; 24 hours; HT 29 and HCT 116 cells) effectively decreases cell viability in HT 29 and HCT 116 cells.Ilexgenin A (12.5~50 μM; 24 hours; HT 29 cells) downregulates the expression of SREBP-1, inhibits the translocation of SREBP-1 to the nucleus and decreases the content of TG.Ilexgenin A (12.5~50 μM; HT 29 and HCT 116 cells) induces cell cycle arrest at G1 phase in colon cancer cells.Ilexgenin A (12.5~50 μM; 24 hours; HCT 116 cells) modulates lipid metabolism. Ilexgenin A (50 μM; 24 hours; HT 29 and HCT 116 cells) regulates SREBP-1 by inhibiting HIF1α.Ilexgenin A inhibits fatty acids synthesis.(In Vivo):Ilexgenin A (20 mg/kg) ameliorates the AOM/DSS induced carcinogenesis. Ilexgenin A can regulate lipid metabolism. Ilexgenin A decreases the expression of SREBP-1 and HIF 1α in AOM/DSS mice.