Vanoxerine dihydrochloride

Vanoxerine (GBR-12909, I-893) is a highly potent inhibitor of dopamine uptake in vitro in tissue slices obtained from rat neostriatum with IC50 of 40-50 nM, also inhibits norepinephrine uptake with IC50 of 560-2600 nM; Vanoxerine also is a potent hK(v)11.1 blocker, and at submicromolar concentrations, it blocks Ca and Na currents in a strongly frequency-dependent manner possesses anticonvulsant activity in zebrafish and rodent models of generalized epilepsy but with cardiac ion channel effects.Heart Arrhythmia Phase 3 Discontinued(In Vitro):Vanoxerine dihydrochloride (GBR-12909 dihydrochloride) inhibits the uptake of dopamlne (DA), with an IC50 in the low nanomolar range, and is several-fold less potent as inhibitors of the uptake of noradrenaline and 5-HT.Vanoxerine dihydrochloride (GBR-12909 dihydrochloride) is also an oral, mixed ion channel blocker with IKr, INa, and L-type calcium channel activity.(In Vivo):Vanoxerine dihydrochloride (2.5-20 mg/kg; i.p.) significantly increases the ambulatory activity.