Epothilone B

A blood-brain barrier-permeable microtubule-stabilizing agent that promotes tubulin polymerization and induces G2-M cell cycle arrest with EC50 of 32 nM in HeLa cells; exhibits potent cytotoxicity in MCF-7 and A549 cells (EC50=0.3 and 2.7 nM respectively), and inhibits growth of HCT-15 tumors in mice in vivo; decreases scarring after rodent spinal cord injury by abrogating polarization and directed migration of scar-forming fibroblasts.(In Vitro):Epothilone B inhibits HCT116 cells with IC50 of 0.8 nM in HCT-116 cell line cytotoxicity assay. Epothilone B (Patupilone) is a microtubule (MT) targeting agent. As shown by MTT cell proliferation assay, after 72 h of treatment Epothilone B efficiently inhibits cell growth with an IC50 of 6 nM, while concentrations ≤1 nM are not cytotoxic. Epothilone B significantly inhibits transwell cell migration at the non-cytotoxic concentration of 1 nM, and the effect is more evident at 10 nM. Epothilone B (Patupilone) is a novel, non-taxane-related and nonneurotoxic microtubule-stabilizing agent in human medulloblastoma cell lines. Epothilone B reduces the proliferative activity in the D341 cell line, with an IC50 of 0.53 nM; in the D425Med cell line, with an IC50 of 0.37 nM; and in the DAOY cell line, with an IC50 of 0.19 nM. In the D341Med cell line, the effect of Epothilone B on clonogenic survival is at dose range of Epothilone B similar to the level of proliferative activity and viability (IC50, 0.50-0.75 nM). However, the clonogenicity of D425Med and DAOY cells is already strongly reduced at a 10-fold lower concentration of Epothilone B (IC50, 30 pM). These results overall demonstrate that Epothilone B is highly potent against different medulloblastoma cell lines.(In Vivo):Treatment with Epothilone B (Patupilone) or ionizing radiation alone results in a partial tumor growth suppression over 10 days, whereas combined treatment exerts a strong supra-additive tumor growth control, with complete tumor regression in the follow-up period (P<0.005, for ionizing radiation or Epothilone B alone vs combined treatment).